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expdp impdp中 exclude/include 的使用-CUUG

  exclude和include参数能够在使用expdp或impdp是对特定的对象或对象类型进行筛选或过滤。比如因工作的需要导出特定的表或不导出特定

  的表、视图以及存储过程、索引、约束、授权统计信息等等。下面将给出expdp或impdp使用exclude和include参数的方法和示例。

  一、exclude/include参数用法:

  EXCLUDE=[object_type]:[name_clause],[object_type]:[name_clause] -->排出特定对象

  INCLUDE=[object_type]:[name_clause],[object_type]:[name_clause] -->包含特定对象

  object_type子句用于指定对象的类型,如table,sequence,view,procedure,package等等

  name_clause子句可以为SQL表达式用于过滤特定的对象名字。它由SQL操作符以及对象名(可使用通配符)来过滤指定对象类型中的特定对象。

  当未指定name_clause而仅仅指定object_type则所有该类型的对象都将被过滤或筛选。多个[object_type]:[name_clause]中间以逗号分割。

  示例:

  expdp SCHEMAS=scott EXCLUDE=SEQUENCE,TABLE:"IN ('EMP','DEPT')"

  impdp SCHEMAS=scott INCLUDE=PACKAGE,FUNCTION,PROCEDURE,TABLE:"='EMP'"

  二、常用的过滤SQL表达式

  EXCLUDE=SEQUENCE,VIEW --过滤所有的SEQUENCE,VIEW

  EXCLUDE=TABLE:"IN ('EMP','DEPT')" --过滤表对象EMP,DEPT

  EXCLUDE=SEQUENCE,VIEW,TABLE:"IN ('EMP','DEPT')" --过滤所有的SEQUENCE,VIEW以及表对象EMP,DEPT

  EXCLUDE=INDEX:"= 'INDX_NAME'" --过滤指定的索引对象INDX_NAME

  INCLUDE=PROCEDURE:"LIKE 'PROC_U%'" --包含以PROC_U开头的所有存储过程(_ 符号代表任意单个字符)

  INCLUDE=TABLE:"> 'E' " --包含大于字符E的所有表对象

  其它常用操作符 NOT IN, NOT LIKE, <, != 等等

  直接将过滤操作符封装到参数文件中,如下面的例子

  Parameter file:exp_scott.par

  DIRECTORY = dump_scott

  DUMPFILE = exp_scott_%U.dmp

  LOGFILE = exp_scott.log

  SCHEMAS = scott

  PARALLEL= 2

  EXCLUDE = TABLE:"IN ('EMP', 'DEPT')"

  expdp system/manager parfile=exp.par

  三、命令行下转义符的处理

  Windows平台:

  D:\> expdp system/manager DIRECTORY=my_dir DUMPFILE=exp_tab.dmp LOGFILE=exp_tab.log SCHEMAS=scott

  INCLUDE=TABLE:\"IN ('EMP', 'DEPT')\"

  在Windows平台下,需要对象双引号进行转义,使用转义符\

  Unix平台:

  在未使用parfile文件的情形下,所有的符号都需要进行转义,包括括号,双引号,单引号等

  % expdp system/manager DIRECTORY=my_dir DUMPFILE=exp_tab.dmp LOGFILE=exp_tab.log SCHEMAS=scott

  INCLUDE=TABLE:\"IN \(\'EMP\', \'DEP\'\)\"

  四、exclude/include常见的错误

  任意需要转义的字符如果未转义或转义错误,都会产生ORA错误。下面给出几种常见的ORA错误。

  ORA-39001: invalid argument value

  ORA-39071: Value for INCLUDE is badly formed.

  ORA-00936: missing expression

  ORA-39001: invalid argument value

  ORA-39071: Value for EXCLUDE is badly formed.

  ORA-00904: “DEPT”: invalid identifier

  ORA-39001: invalid argument value

  ORA-39041: Filter “INCLUDE” either identifies all object types or no object types.

  ORA-39001: invalid argument value

  ORA-39041: Filter “EXCLUDE” either identifies all object types or no object types

  ORA-39001: invalid argument value

  ORA-39038: Object path “USER” is not supported for TABLE jobs.

  五、导出示例

  -->导出不包含sequence,表EMP,DEPT的其它所有对象

  [oracle@orasrv scott]$ expdp scott/tiger directory=dump_scott dumpfile=fliter_1.dmp log=fliter_1.log schemas=scott \

  > exclude=sequence,table:\" in \(\'EMP\',\'DEPT\'\)\"

  -->包含大于字符T的所有表对象

  [oracle@orasrv ~]$ expdp scott/tiger directory=dump_scott dumpfile=tmp.dmp logfile=tmp.log include=table:\"\>\'T\'\"

  ...........

  Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

  Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

  Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 18.06 MB

  Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

  Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

  . . exported "SCOTT"."TB_PARL" 7.020 MB 72598 rows

  . . exported "SCOTT"."TT" 7.009 MB 72493 rows

  . . exported "SCOTT"."XP":"P2" 5.398 KB 1 rows

  Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

  ******************************************************************************

  Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

  /home/oracle/dump/scott/tmp.dmp

  Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 14:24:55

  -->仅仅导入表对象TT,如果存在则将其替换

  [oracle@orasrv scott]$ impdp scott/tiger directory=dump_scott dumpfile=tmp.dmp logfile=tmp_imp.log \

  > include=table:\" =\'TT\' \" table_exists_action=replace

  .............

  Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

  With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

  Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully loaded/unloaded

  Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01": scott/******** directory=dump_scott dumpfile=tmp.dmp logfile=tmp_imp.log

  include=table:" ='TT' " table_exists_action=replace

  Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

  Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

  . . imported "SCOTT"."TT" 7.009 MB 72493 rows

  Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

  Job "SCOTT"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" successfully completed at 14:59:32

  -->下面是一个实际实际导出过程中的parfile参数,exclude参数用于排出所有包含BAK的表对象,以及一些索引对象,使用了in,like运算符

  userid=goex_admin

  directory=DB_DUMP_DIR

  dumpfile=sybo2_full_%U.dmp

  logfile=sybo2_full.log

  exclude=table:"like '%BAK%'",index:" in ('PK_ACC_POS_CASH_PL_TBL_ARC_11','pk_acc_pos_cash_tbl_arc_11',

  'PK_ACC_POS_STOCK_ARCH_TBL_11','I_ACC_POS_STOCK_TBL_ARC_DT','I_ACC_POS_CASH_PL_ARCH_TBL_DT') ",

  table:"in ('ACC_POS_STOCK_TBL_ARC')"

  filesize=5368709120

  schemas=goex_admin

  -->下面是一个使用query查询过滤的情形

  -->该操作导出的schema为scott,表对象emp中deptno=20,以及dept表中deptno=20的记录被导出,这两个表中的其余记录被过滤

  -->该操作除上述过滤以后的所有对象将被一一导出

  expdp scott/tiger dumpfile=scott_filter.dmp logfile=scott_filter.log directory=DB_DUMP_DIR schemas=scott \

  > query=scott.emp:'"where deptno=20"',scott.dept:'"where deptno=20"'