昨天一个朋友问我如何监测一个PL/SQL的运行状况,这里简单介绍几种方法。
介绍专业一点的DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO包。
上一篇介绍了通过INSERT和自治事务的解决方案,方法很简单,但是需要辅助的表和过程,而且这种方法显得有点不够专业。
那么这里介绍一篇相对PROFESSIONAL的解决方案,Oracle提供的DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO包:
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION
2 FROM V$SESSION
3 WHERE SID IN
4 (SELECT SID
5 FROM V$MYSTAT
6 WHERE ROWNUM = 1);
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13
SQL> BEGIN
2 DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION('STEP A');
3 DBMS_LOCK.SLEEP(10);
4 DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION('STEP B');
5 DBMS_LOCK.SLEEP(10);
6 DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_ACTION('STEP C');
7 END;
8 /
PL/SQL过程已成功完成。
通过简单的调用SET_ACTION过程,其他会话就可以通过监测V$SESSION视图,而从得到当前的PL/SQL执行到哪个步骤:
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION FROM V$SESSION WHERE SID = 13;
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13 STEP A
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION FROM V$SESSION WHERE SID = 13;
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13 STEP A
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION FROM V$SESSION WHERE SID = 13;
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13 STEP B
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION FROM V$SESSION WHERE SID = 13;
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13 STEP B
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION FROM V$SESSION WHERE SID = 13;
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13 STEP C
SQL> SELECT SID, ACTION FROM V$SESSION WHERE SID = 13;
SID ACTION
---------- --------------------------------
13 STEP C
在另外的会话可以看到,刚才会话的PL/SQL从STEP A到STEP C的变化。需要注意,如果会话不再修改ACTION,那么这个会话的ACTION会一直保持到会话的结束。
这种方法的简单程度一点都不必INSERT的方法复杂,而且DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO包是所有用户都可以访问的。但是需要注意,并不是所有用户都可以访问V$SESSION视图的,这个视图需要额外的授权。
上面的方法似乎还不是很专业,利用这个包还有更专业的解决方案:
SQL> SELECT SID, SERIAL#
2 FROM V$SESSION
3 WHERE SID IN
4 (SELECT SID
5 FROM V$MYSTAT
6 WHERE ROWNUM = 1);
SID SERIAL#
---------- ----------
13 6610
SQL> DECLARE
2 V_ID BINARY_INTEGER := DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_SESSION_LONGOPS_NOHINT;
3 V_SLNO BINARY_INTEGER;
4 V_TOTALWORK NUMBER := 5;
5 BEGIN
6 FOR I IN 1..V_TOTALWORK LOOP
7 DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_SESSION_LONGOPS(
8 V_ID,
9 V_SLNO,
10 'ANONYMOUS BLOCK',
11 0,
12 0,
13 I - 1,
14 V_TOTALWORK,
15 'PL/SQL',
16 'STEP');
17 DBMS_LOCK.SLEEP(10);
18 END LOOP;
19 DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_SESSION_LONGOPS(
20 V_ID,
21 V_SLNO,
22 'ANONYMOUS BLOCK',
23 0,
24 0,
25 V_TOTALWORK,
26 V_TOTALWORK,
27 'PL/SQL',
28 'STEP');
29 END;
30 /
PL/SQL过程已成功完成。
通过SET_SESSSION_LONGOPS过程,可以使得PL/SQL代码更新V$SESSION_LONGOPS视图的结果,其他用户不仅可以看到当前在执行什么操作,而且还可以根据用户设置的SOFAR和TOTALWORK的值,了解当前运行到PL/SQL中的什么位置。V$SESSION_LONGOPS会根据运行的时间,以及SOFAR和TOTALWORK的值,自动估算运行还需要多久才能完成:
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 0 5 STEP 0
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 1 5 STEP 32 8
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 1 5 STEP 32 8
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 2 5 STEP 30 20
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 3 5 STEP 19 29
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 4 5 STEP 10 38
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 4 5 STEP 10 38
SQL> SELECT OPNAME, TARGET, TARGET_DESC, SOFAR, TOTALWORK, UNITS, TIME_REMAINING, ELAPSED_SECONDS
2 FROM V$SESSION_LONGOPS
3 WHERE SID = 13
4 AND SERIAL# = 6610;
OPNAME TARGET TARGET_DESC SOFAR TOTALWORK UNITS TIME_REMAINING ELAPSED_SECONDS
--------------- ------ ------------ ------- ---------- ----- -------------- ---------------
ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL 5 5 STEP 0 50
同样,V$SESSION_LONGOPS不是所有会话都可以直接访问的,需要授权的用户才可以访问,这种方法的最大好处是,用户可以自己量化运行的阶段,使得其他用户监测V$SESSION_LONGOPS视图的时候可以得到估算的运行结束时间。不过时间是否准确与用户设置的值有关。
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